Historically Galeazzi fractures is adult were treated with open reduction and internal fixation of the radius fracture with or without DRUJ repair and pinning, the is largely due to the highly unsatisfactory outcomes following closed treatment and chronic disability. On the other hand, two classification systems classify the fracture based on its distance from the DRUJ, the most commonly used is the one by Retting, in which the fracture is either more than 7.5 cm away from the DRUJ or less, the main rationale behind this classification is that fractures < 7.5 cm are more prone to DRUJ instability according to the results of this study. Several classification systems have been proposed for Galeazzi fracture-dislocation, the first was described by Walsh, in which the fracture was classified based on its angulation, the position of the forearm (supination of pronation) on axial loading of the fractures will contribute to its apex (apex volar or apex palmar). The IOM also has a complex structure of bands and cords that prevent translation of the radius and ulna and also transmit axial and rotational forces, the central band is the main restraint and stabilizer within the IOM. Galeazzi fractures are inherently unstable due to the disruption of the DRUJ and possible disruption of the interosseous membrane (IOM), the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) is the main stabilizer of the DRUJ and the dorsal and volar radioulnar ligaments are the most important ligaments within the TFCC. They were first described in 1877 by a British surgeon and then named after Galeazzi who reported a series of cases describing the incidence, mechanism, and treatment of these injuries. Otherwise infection will result.Galeazzi fracture represents a distinct spectrum of forearm injuries that represent approximately 7% of adult and 3% of pediatric forearm fractures, they are a unique injury which involves a fracture of the radial diaphysis, along with disruption or dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ). Take specimens for a microbiological study to guide appropriate antibiotic treatment if necessary.īefore changing to a definitive internal fixation an infected pin track needs to heal.Debride the pin sites in the operating theater, using curettage and irrigation.Remove all involved pins and place new pins in a healthy location. In case of pin loosening or pin-track infection, the following steps need to be taken:
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